JESHUA BEN JOSEPH HA-LEVI
- JESHUA BEN JOSEPH HA-LEVI
- JESHUA BEN JOSEPH HA-LEVI (15th century),
talmudist. Following the persecutions of Jews in algiers in 1467,
he fled from his native town Tlemcen and went to Castile, settling in
Toledo, where he was supported by Don Vidal b. Lavi. At the latter's
insistent request he wrote his talmudic methodology, Halikhot
Olam (printed c. 1490). The work is divided into five sections
dealing with the composition of the Mishnah and the Gemara,
the methodology of the Gemara, and the manner in which the
halakhah is determined. As the basis of his work, Jeshua made
use of Sefer Keritot by samson b. isaac of Chinon. The
work appeared in several editions and served as the basis for
joseph caro 's Kelalei ha-Gemara, which contains notes
and supplements to the Halikhot Olam and for
solomon algazi 's Yavin Shemu'ah. Both commentaries
were published together with Halikhot Olam (Venice edition,
1639). David b. raphael meldola 's pamphlets Limmud
ha-Talmidim and Hanhagat ha-Talmidim (appended to the
Amsterdam edition, 1754) are also based on Jeshua's work. A Latin
translation by D.C. l'Empereur was appended to the Leiden 1634 and Hanau
1714 editions; the latter contained notes by H.J. Bashuysen. Jeshua
also compiled shitot on the Talmud. It has been shown that he
was the author of a shitah on Bava Kamma which is
frequently mentioned in the Shitah Mekubbeẓet, although
bezalel ashkenazi was not aware of the identity of its author.
-BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Conforte, Kore, 27b; Weiss, Dor, 5 (19044), 236; H.L. Strack,
Introduction to the Talmud and Midrash (1931), 136;
Finkelstein, in: KS, 12 (1935–36), 368f.
(Yehoshua Horowitz)
Encyclopedia Judaica.
1971.
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